Monday, April 30, 2012

Testing

Testing ...

Thursday, May 3, 2007

Rattle and Teething Ring


Item no. 40

Rattle and Teething Ring






Acquisition history:

Gift of Mrs. Barbara Gibson

Fabric:
Embossed silver with six silver bells attached. Mother-of-pearl teething ring attached.
Marks: Hallmarks -
Measurements:
• Overall length: 4 1/2"
• Teething ring: outside diam. - 1 1/2"; inside diam. - 1"

Pap Feeder


Item no. 39
Pap Feeder
(or Teat Spoon
or Bombilla
or Sick Siphon)



Woodward Biomedical Library collection

Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Silver
Marks:
Hallmarks:
• On lower end: Crown B I
• On stem: Ditto repeated three times
Measurements:
• Overall length: 4 4/10"
• Diam. at mouthpiece: 2/10"
• Length of hook: 2 3/10"
• Width at widest point: 1"

Shape: Single curve, more pronounced at mouthpiece.

Notes:
An 18th century teat spoon, one of two sold at auction at Parke-Bernet Gallery, New York, as part of the estate of a New England family. There are very few references to "teat spoons" in the literature. In Esther Forbes' Paul Revere and the world he lived in reference is made on p. 80 to a silver teat spoon Revere had made for his infant daughter. A bombilla (Spanish American) is a " small silver or gold perforated tube made for drinking the mate." This pap feeder is of English origin. Its form is known as "swan-necked". The hook serves to attach the feeder to the rim of a cup.


Invoice for purchase of item in 1941
Please click on image to view larger version.



Pap Feeder


Item no. 38
Pap Feeder
(or Teat Spoon
or Bombilla
or Sick Siphon)



Woodward Biomedical Library collection

Acquisition history:
Gift of Dr. William Gibson

Fabric: Silver
Marks: Monogram on lower end: RTK (?)
Hallmark on hook: 5 elements: ?? lion P ?
Measurements:
• Overall length: 4 1/2"
• Length of hook: 2 7/10"
• Width at lower end: ca. 1/2"
• Diam. at mouthpiece: 2/10"+
Shape: Modified "S"

Notes: Purchased from Rosemary Malkin Antiques Ltd. 4 Oct., 1966. (Original invoice in Acquisitions file) Dates from ca. 1830.

Invoice for purchase of item in 1966
Please click on image to view larger version.

Child's Food Pusher


Item no. 37
Child's Food Pusher






Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, February, 1987

Fabric:
Sterling silver
Marks:
• Length: 3.8"
• Width at widest point: 1.5"

Notes:
Bought by Miss Wright in Vancouver.
Birks said still available, but had none. This one dated 1946.

Double Ended Nursing Bottle


Item no. 36
Double Ended Nursing Bottle





Acquisition history:

Gift of Miss Alice Wright, February 1987

Fabric: Clear glass
Marks:
SAVARS ECLIPSE FEEDING BOTTLE
GLASS MADE IN FRANCE
PATENT No 7008
RD No 421546 (2x)
TABLESPOONS 1-15
OUNCES 1-7
Measurements:
•Height: 2.5"
• Length: 7.6"
• Aperture: (incl. rim) .9"; (inner) .5"

Notes:
Bought by Miss Wright in Vancouver.

Double ended nursing bottle 1896 to 1960. Also known as banana shaped, boat shaped and twin bottle.

"All known double ended nursing bottles are believed to be of English manufacture. Very popular in England, but used in the United States."
From American Nursing Bottles by Diane Rouse Ostrander

Fittings: Pull-on nipple and a rubber stopper or cap. Made in 4 oz and 8 oz sizes.

Pap Boat - 1810


Item no. 35
Pap Boat - 1810







Acquisition history:

Gift of Miss Alice Wright, February 1985

Fabric: Staffordshire china
Design: Blue and white floral design (exterior). Same border around edge on inside (.7"). White interior and bottom.
Measurements:
• Length: 4.5"
• Height: 1.6"
• Base diameter: 1.3"

Notes: Staffordshire blue transfer.

Feeding Bottle - ca. 1930


Item no. 34
Feeding Bottle - ca. 1930

Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, February 1985

Fabric: Clear glass
Marks: Ounces 1-8
Measurements:
• Height: 6.9"
• Base: 3" x 1.8"
• Diam. of aperture (incl. rim): 1"

Notes: Manufactured by Illinois Pacific Glass Co.
Circa 1930

Glass Feeding Bottle


Item no. 33
Glass Feeding Bottle






Acquisition history:

Gift of Mrs. Barbara Gibson,
July 9, 1984.

Fabric: Clear glass
Marks:

• BABY'S FAVORITE FEEDER
• Calibrations on top (1 through 8)
Measurements:
• Length at longest point: 6.7"
• Diam. of apertures including rim: 1.2", .7"
• Diam. of apertures (inner): .5", .4"
• Width at widest point: 3.5"

Notes: Purchased in Steveston*.
*Marty's Antiques, 3580 Moncton St., Richmond, B.C

From Merck Index, 2nd ed.
Please click on image to see larger version.

Feeding Bottle


Item no. 32B
Feeding Bottle

Acquisition history:
Gift of Dr. William C. Gibson

Marks:
• On base: C D [inside of diamond shape, with dot below diamond] 1 3
• ROCK-A-BYE BABY
ON THE TREE TOP
with illustration
• Calibrated in half-ounces.
Measurements:
• Height: 6 5/8"
• Diameter of aperture incl. rim: 1"
• Diameter of aperture: 5/8"
• Base (oval): 2 3/8" x 1 1/2"

Notes: Purchased at Okanagan Falls, B.C., Dec. 7, 1979.

Related item: See also Item no. 32A

Feeding Bottle


Item no. 32A
Feeding Bottle

Acquisition history:
Gift of Dr. William C. Gibson

Marks:
• On base: C D [inside of diamond shape, with dot below diamond] 1 8
• HEY, DIDDLE DIDDLE THE CAT AND THE FIDDLE
with illustration of the rhyme
• Calibrated in half-ounces.
Measurements:
• Height: 6 5/8"
• Diameter of aperture incl. rim: 1"
• Diameter of aperture: 5/8"
• Base (oval): 2 3/8" x 1 1/2"

Notes: Purchased at Okanagan Falls, B.C., Dec. 7, 1979.

Related item: See also Item no. 32B

Wednesday, May 2, 2007

Breast Pump


Item no. 31
Breast Pump

Acquisition history:
Gift of Mrs. Barbara Gibson

Fabric: Clear glass with red rubber bulb
Marks:
The letter "A" in a circle
Measurements:
• Length overall: 5"
• Diameter of orifice: 2 1/2"
• Diameter of bulb: 2"


Notes:
Purchased at Universal Antiques, Cobble Hill, B.C., Sept. 8, 1979. Said to have come from Ferguson, B.C. (Location of this community unknown.)


Glass Feeding Bottle


Item no. 30
Glass Feeding Bottle






Acquisition history:

Fabric:
Glass – faintly pinkish, but probably originally clear.
Marks:
• The Maternal Feeder; B.J.L. London: in oval on upper surface.
• Valve: across upper right hand surface near aperture.
• Calibrations on each side: a) ounces b) tablespoons
Measurements:
• Length at longest point: 7 3/4"
• Diameter of apertures incl. rim: 1"
• Diameter of apertures (inner): 1/2"
• Base (oval): 2 1/2" x 1 1/2"
• Width: 3"

Notes:
Purchased at Universal Antiques, Cobble Hill, B.C., Sept. 8, 1979.

Related item: See also No. 29

Glass Feeding Bottle


Item no. 29
Glass Feeding Bottle







Acquisition history:
Gift of Dr. William C. Gibson

Fabric: Clear glass
Marks:

• The Albert hygienic feeder
• Made in England
• Pat N (?)367
• Calibrations on each side: a) table spoons b) ounces
Measurements:
• Length at longest point: 7 1/2"
• Diam. of apertures (incl. rim): 1"
• Diam. of apertures (inner): 6/10"; 1/2"
• Base (oval): 2 1/2" x 1 1/2"
• Width: 2 6/10"

Notes:
Purchased at Davis Antiques, Vancouver, B.C., 1977.
It may be assumed that a teat was placed on one opening and a cork in the other. As the bottle can be held in the hand facing in either direction, it is impossible to tell whether one aperture was given preference for attaching the teat.

Nursing Bottle - ca. 1925-30


Item no. 28

Nursing Bottle - ca. 1925-30

Acquisition history:

Fabric:
Clear glass
Marks:
• On base: RIGO
• On front: THE RIGO NURSER; will not roll; Use Rigo Nipple
Measurements:
•Height: 6 1/2"
• Base: 2 3/10" x 1 6/10" (oval)
• Diam. of teat aperture (incl. rim): 1"

Related item:
See also no. 25

Nursing Bottle


Item no. 27
Nursing Bottle







Acquisition history: Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Clear pressed glass
Marks: 8-pointed star enclosing circle with ornamental monogram in centre (? P T P & Co.?) Acme Nursing Bottle
Measurements:
• Overall length: 6 1/10"
• Height at top of aperture: 2 4/10"
• Diam. of aperture (incl. rim): 1 2/10"

Notes:
Pressed glass nursing bottle with long tubular nipple and internal glass tube, of a type known as Siphonia. These feeders made their appearance in mid 19th century. (Attachments not original)

Teats made of cloth-covered sponge, glove fingers and specially prepared Calves' teats were replaced by rubber at about the same time as glass nursing bottles made their appearance. The most hygienic of these were of India rubber attached directly to to the neck of the nurser, but these were too hard in texture to make sucking easy. The long rubber tube with nipple attached was an effort to overcome this difficulty, but it posed serious problems because of the virtual impossibility of keeping it clean.

Pap Boat


Item no. 26
Pap Boat








Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Silver (?)
Marks: None (? inside of upper part of handle)
Measurements:
• Length: 3 4/10" (tip to handle)
• Height at spout: 1 1/10"
• Height at handle: 1 2/10"
• Height at centre: 1"
• Base Diameter: 1"

Notes: Modern pap boat from the Street of Silversmiths, Delhi. It dates from ca. 1960. Given to Miss Wright by Eleanor Graham of W.H.O.

Feeding Bottle - ca. 1930


Item no. 25
Feeding Bottle - ca. 1930

Acquisition history:
Gift of William E. Parker

Fabric: Clear pressed glass
Marks:
• Volume 1 - 8 oz.
• On base:



Measurements:

• Height: 7"
• Base: 1 1/2" x 2 3/10"
• Aperture (incl. rim): 9/10"

Related items:
See also no. 28

Thursday, April 26, 2007

Nursing Bottle


Item no. 24
Nursing Bottle

Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Clear pressed glass
Marks: On base: B 54
Measurements:
•Height: 7 2/10"
• Diam. of base: 2"
• Diam. of aperture (incl. rim): 9/10"
• Width at "elbows": 2 7/10"

Notes: Probably American, in the shape of a soldier. Other patterns were used, such as crying children.

Nursing Bottle


Item no. 23
Nursing Bottle







Acquisition history:
Gift of Mrs. Nina Drake, Toronto

Fabric: Clear pressed glass - lustre
Marks: Good Luck Nursing bottle - horseshoe in centre with ? initials ( (or G) and F intertwined. Calibrations on bottom surface: 1 - 8 (oz)
Measurements:
• Length overall (approx.): 6"
• Width at widest: 3 1/2"
• Mouth aperture: 1 1/10"
• Mouth aperture incl. rim: 1 2/10"
• Thickness (approx.): 2"
• Height at top of spout: 2 6/10"

Nursing Bottle


Item no. 22
Nursing Bottle

Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric:
Aquamarine pressed glass
Marks:
Oval with profile of head and words "Medallion Nursing Bottle" around it; "Trade Mark" across front base.
On back: M.S. Burr & Co., Proprietors, Boston, Mass.
Measurements:
• Height: 5 6/10"
• Width: 3 2/10"
• Diam. of aperture: Inside - 6/10"; With rim - 1 1/10"
• Base: 2 7/10" x 1 4/10"

Nursing Bottle


Item no. 21
Nursing Bottle








Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Clear pressed glass
Marks:
The Alexandra Feeding Bottle
S. Mawson & Thompson Trade Mark
Trefoil trade mark in centre circle




Measurements:

• Length overall: 5"
• Width (widest pt.): 3 7/10"
• Thickness at deepest point (approx.): 2"
• Height to top of aperture: 2 1/2"
• Diam. of aperture: 6/10"
• Diam. of aperture with rim: 9/10"
Base: 2 6/10" x 1 4/10"

Notes:
Ceramic feeding bottles were gradually replaced by glass ones, though it was not till the middle of the 19th century that the latter were within reach of all families. Various shapes were available, the gourd shape of which these are three examples being the most common.
(#21, 23 and Acme Nursing Bottle)



Nursing Bottle - Early Pennsylvania Dutch


Item no. 20
Nursing Bottle - Early Pennsylvania Dutch


Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Glazed clay
Marks: None
Design: Brown, showing blotches from firing
Measurements:
• Height : 6 1/2"
• Width: e.g. wider dimension at widest point - 3"; narrower dimension at widest point - 2"
• Diameter of base: 2 2/1o"
• Diameter of mouth: 2 3/1o"

Notes:
Pioneer manufacture is indicated by the kind of clay and the type of glaze.

Tuesday, April 24, 2007

Feeding Bottle - 19th Century


Item no. 19
Feeding Bottle - 19th Century

[No photo]


Acquisition history: Gift of Dr. H. W. Spaulding

Fabric: Olive-green clear blown glass
Marks: None
Design: Base is "dimpled"
Measurements:
• Height : 5 7/10"
• Width at widest (appr.): 3 7/10"
• Depth (back to front): 3"
• Aperture: (excl. of rim) 7/10"

Notes: Originally used by Sewall Fisher, born 1834, in Franklin, Mass. Mrs. Edith Morsh, Fisher's grand-daughter, presented the bottle to Dr. Hildegarde Spaulding.

Pap Spoon - ca. 1800


Item no. 18
Pap Spoon -
ca. 1800






Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Pewter
Marks:
Top surface: Gibson Inventor
Inside bowl on bottom: 66 or (?) 99
Measurements:
• Length overall: 5 1/2"
• Width at widest point of bowl: 2 1/1o"
• Length of handle: 2 7/10"
• Length of lid of aperture: 9/10"
• Width of aperture: 1/2"

Notes: The bowl was filled with thin pap (or, on occasion, with castor oil) by lifting the trap door in the lid. The top of the bowl was placed in the lid. The tip of the bowl was placed in the child's mouth and the flow could be controlled by placing a finger over the open end of the hollow handle. If the contents were not taken as rapidly as desired, one could blow down the handle!

Monday, April 23, 2007

Drinking Cup - Late 19th Century


Item no. 17
Drinking Cup -
Late 19th Century











Acquisition history:

Fabric:
Ceramic
Marks: The work "Pyramid" (probably name of the game being played) appears over the heads of the children.
Design: Scene, children playing
Measurements:
• Height: 2 8/1o"
• Diam: 2 7/10"

Notes: While the children are dressed in the Victorian manner and are playing an English game, certain details indicate that the mug was made in China.

Feeding Pot - Early American


Item no. 16
Feeding Pot - Early American


Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Tin
Marks: None
Measurements:
• Height (with lid): 4 7/10"
• Diam. of base: 2 1/2"
• Exterior part of spout: 1 6/10"
• Handle (from upper to lower attachment): 2"
• Diam. of pot aperture under lid: 1 1/2"
• Diam. of lower edge of lid: 1 8/10"

Notes: Early American feeding pot of tin, possibly from Pennsylvania. The spout is a continuation of a tube reaching down to the bottom of the cup. Note the resemblance to Hugh Smith's "bubby-pot".

Letter from 1943 relating to this item
Please click on image to see larger version.


Article from Parents' Magazine, May, 1943

Photo and diagram accompanying Parents' magazine article
Please click on images to view larger versions.


Feeding Bottle


Item no. 15
Feeding Bottle


Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Pewter
Marks: No identifying mark
Measurements (appr.):
• Height overall (incl. lid): 4 9/10"
• Diam. of base: 2 3/10"
• Diam. of top (inside nipple): 7/10"


Notes: Pewter feeding bottle of a type common in England, France and Holland from 1600 to 1800. Perfect specimens of these flasks are becoming extremely rare on account of their use in modern times as feeders for lambs, with consequent destruction of the nipple.

Friday, April 20, 2007

Pap Warmer - Early American


Item no. 14
Pap Warmer - Early American


Acquisition history:

Fabric:
Tin
Marks: None
Measurements:
• Height (overall, approx.)
- with warming pans and lid: 8 2/10"
- without warming pans and lid: 7"
• Diam. at top: 4 2/10"
• Diam. of lid (incl. rim): 4 1/10"
• Handle attachments (top to bottom): 3 2/10"
• Diam. at bottom: 4 3/10"

Notes: This example has all of the basic characteristics of this device, whether made of metal or ceramics. The top resembles the modern double-boiler with the "pannikin" sitting in a liner holding hot water. The heat source is a vessel called a "godet" for oil and wick.

Infant Feeding Pot - ca. 300 B. C.


Item no. 13

Infant Feeding Pot
ca. 300 B.C.

Acquisition history:
Gift of Mrs. Nina Drake

Fabric:
Pottery
Decoration:
Horizontal bands - red and black, with free-form black decoration on spout and handle.
Measurements:
• Height to top of handle: 6"
• Height to rim: 4 9/10"
• Diam. at widest pt.: 4"
• Height of spout (from base to tip): 3 8/10"
• Length of spout (approx.): 1 2/10"
• Diam. of top (at widest pt. of course!): 2 2/10"
• Diam. of base: 1 6/10"

Notes: Found on the Island of Cyprus.

Feeding Cup - 19th Century

Item no. 12.
Feeding Cup - 19th Century
[No photo]

Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Ceramic - white
Marks: None
Measurements:
• Length overall (incl. handle): 4 7/10"
• Height at top of spout: 1 4/10"
• Height at top of handle: 1 4/10"
• Height in centre: 1 3/10"
• Base: 1 7/10" x 1 2/10"

Glass Feeders - Late 19th Century


Item no. 11 & 11a*
Glass Feeders - Late 19th Century






*These appear to be identical. Only one is shown in photo.

Acquisition history: Gift of Mrs. Barbara Gibson.

Fabric: Clear pressed glass with roughened edges
Marks: On base: Made in U.S.A.
Measurements:
• Length overall: 6 4/10"
• Bottom: 4" x 1 9/10" (not oval but with curved, rounded edges)
• End: 1 9/10" x 1 2/10" x 1 3/10"
• Mouth aperture: 7/10"(incl. rim)
• Handle: 1 7/10" (outer edge to outer edge at attachment)
• Height at highest pt: 2 4/10" (to front edge of filling aperture)

Notes: #11A was purchased at Universal Antiques, Cobble Hill, B.C., Sept. 8, 1979.

Thursday, March 29, 2007

Pap Boat

Item no. 10
Pap Boat
[no photo]

Acquisition history: Gift of Miss Helen Allan

Fabric: Ceramic
Marks: On base - WT & C Made in Germany
Design: Delft pattern
Measurements:
• Length overall: 6"
• Height at spout: 2 6/10"
• Height at handle: 2"
• Height at middle: 1 7/10"
• Base: 2 4/10" x 1 7/10" (egg-shaped)

Notes:
Pewter and glass were also used for pap boats. As seen here, a spout was a common feature. The spout is created by the extension of a half cover over the pouring lip characteristic of the pewter boats displayed.

Feeding Cup


Item no. 9
Feeding Cup







Acquisition history:

Gift of Mrs. Barbara (Logan) Tunis, Ottawa

Fabric: Ceramic - blue
Marks: None
Measurements:
• Length overall: 6 1/10"
• Height at spout: 2 4/10"
• Height at handle: 2 1/2"
• Height at centre: 2 1/10"
• Dimensions of base: 2 3/10" x 1 7/10"
• Dimensions of aperture: 1 9/10" x 1 1/10"

Notes:
Bought in or near Fredericton, New Brunswick.
Said by merchant to be "local".

Blown Glass Feeding Bottle (with glass nipple)


Item no. 8
Blown Glass Feeding Bottle (with glass nipple)




Acquisition history:

Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Clear glass
Marks: None
Measurements:
• Length overall: 7"
• "Base": 8/10" x 5/10"
• Filling aperture (excl. of rim): 7/10"
• Thickness (average): 1"

Related Items: See also Item no. 3

Pap Boat


Item no. 7
Pap boat








Acquisition history:

Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Pewter
Marks: Signed "Max Rieg"




Measurements:

• Length overall: 4 3/10"
• Width at widest pt. on top: 2 1/2"
• Base (approx.): 1 7/10" x 1 9/10"

Notes:
American copy of an older model of pap boat
dates from the 20th century

Pap Boat - 18th Century


Item no. 6

Pap Boat - 18th Century






Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Pewter
Marks:
"Touch mark" partly worn off
Thomas... and Comp. (?)
Measurements:
• Length overall: 4 1/2"
• Width (rim) at widest: 2 4/10"
• Height at centre: 1"
• Height at spout tip: 1 3/10"

Notes: The trademark of the maker is know as a "touch mark".

Wednesday, March 28, 2007

Pewter Pap Boat


Item no. 5
Pewter Pap Boat







Acquisition history:

Gift of Dr. Donald Paterson

Fabric: Pewter
Marks:
• On handle: FH 1800*
• In bowl: D (?) X Dent
Measurements:
• Length overall: 5 1/10"
• Width of bowl at widest pt.: 2"
• Length of bowl: 4 9/10"
• Width of handle: 1 2/10"

Notes: *Foundling Hospital , London, founded by Thomas Coram in 1737, was chartered in 1739 and opened in 1741.

Glass Feeding Bottle


Item no. 4
Glass Feeding Bottle






Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Clear glass
Marks: None
Design: None
Measurements:
• Length overall: 9 8/10"
• Width at widest point: 3"
• Base: 7/10" diam.
• Diam. of "mouth end" (incl. rim): 6/10"
• Diam. of filling aperture (excl. rim): 7/10"

Notes: The feeder has a submarine shape and similar feeders would have had a "teat" attached.

Glass Feeding Bottle


Item no. 3
Glass Feeding Bottle






Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Alice Wright, 1966

Fabric: Clear glass
Marks: None
Design: Blown glass with fused on nipple
Measurements:
• Length overall: 10 6/10"
• Base: 9/10"
• Filling aperture (incl. rim): 1 3/10"
• Filling aperture (excl. rim): 8/10"
• Length of nipple (excl. guard): 1 3/10)"

Notes:
• May have been purchased in Seattle.
• Similar feeders would have had a "teat" attached.

Related items: See also Item no. 8.

Feeding Bottle


Item no. 2
Feeding Bottle







Acquisition history:
Gift of Miss Peggy Leighton

Fabric: Ceramic
Marks: None
Design: Blue and white, landscape
Measurements:
• Length overall: 7 7/10"
• Base: 1 2/10" x 1"
• Diam. of filling aperture: 9/10" .
• Diam. of teat aperture (overall): 1/2"

Notes:
• Purchased in Kingston, Ontario.
• Nearly ninety percent of the pottery feeding flasks of the late 18th and early 19th centuries are decorated in blue transfer-printed designs of flowers, foliage and landscapes. About ten percent of these are marked with the maker's name. (Items 1 and 2 are unmarked.)

Wednesday, March 21, 2007

Feeding Bottle


Item no. 1
Feeding Bottle







Acquisition history:
Gift of Mrs. Nina Drake, Toronto

Fabric: Ceramic (Staffordshire pottery)
Marks: None
Design: Blue on White: birds, fruits, flowers
Measurements:
• Length overall: 7 3/10"
• Base: 1 6/10" x 1 1/10"
• Filling aperture (excl. rim): 1 1/10"
• Teat aperture (incl. rim): 4/10"